2025 Drinking Water Quality Report

TOWN OF LILLINGTON

2025 Annual Drinking Water Quality Report

Water System Number: NC 03-43-025

Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency's Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The Town of Lillington is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water include microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife; inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming; pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses; organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems; and radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

When you turn on your tap, please consider the source

In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health.

When you turn on your tap, please consider the source Lillington's drinking water is purchased from Harnett Regional Water. The water plant is located at 310 W Duncan St, Lillington,
NC 27546. Please see attached copy of Harnett Regional Water's 2025 CCR for the location of their source and additional information.

Violations That Our Water System Received for the Report Year

• During 2025, the Town of Lillington received no violation.

Water Quality Data Tables of Detected Contaminants

The Town Of Lillington and Harnett Regional Water routinely monitors for over 150 contaminants in your drinking water according to Federal and State laws. The table below lists all the drinking water contaminants that were detected for the Lillington Water System for the 2025 year. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate the water poses a health risk

Microbiological Contaminants in the Distribution System - For systems that collect less than 40 samples per month

• If a system collecting fewer than 40 samples per month has two or more positive samples in one month, an assessment is required.

Disinfectant Residuals Summary

Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct Compliance – Based upon Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA)

_{TTHM=Trihalomethanes HAA5=Halo acetic Acids}

Asbestos Contaminant

Lead and Copper Contaminants

The table above summarizes our most recent lead and copper tap sampling data.   If you would like to review the complete lead tap sampling data, please call 910-893-0318.

We have been working to identify service line materials throughout the water system and prepared an inventory of all service lines in our water system.  To access this inventory, Please Contact Public Works Department at 910-893-0318 for a copy of the most up to date version.

Lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Town of Lillington is responsible for providing high quality drinking water and removing lead pipes but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components in your home. You share the responsibility for protecting yourself and your family from the lead in your home plumbing. You can take responsibility by identifying and removing lead materials within your home plumbing and taking steps to reduce your family's risk. Before drinking tap water, flush your pipes for several minutes by running your tap, taking a shower, doing laundry or a load of dishes. You can also use a filter certified by an American National Standards Institute accredited certifier to reduce lead in drinking water. If you are concerned about lead in your water and wish to have your water tested, contact Public Works Department at 910-893-0318. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Unregulated Contaminants (UCMR5)

Unregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. The purpose of unregulated contaminant monitoring is to assist EPA in determining the occurrence of unregulated contaminants in drinking water and whether future regulations are warranted.

If you have questions about this report or concerning your water, please contact Skyler Russell Assistant Public work Director/ Distribution ORC at (910) 893 - 0312

Important Drinking Water Definitions:

Not-Applicable (NIA) - Information not applicable / not required for that particular water system or for that particular rule.

Non-Detects (ND) - Laboratory analysis indicates that the contaminant is not present at the level of detection set for the particular methodology used.

Parts per million (ppm) or Milligrams per liter (mg/L) - One part per million corresponds to one minute in two years or a single penny in $10,000.

Parts per billion (ppb) or Micrograms per liter (ug/L) - One part per billion corresponds to one minute in 2,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000.

Million Fibers per Liter (MFL) - Million fibers per liter is a measure of the presence of asbestos fibers that are longer than IO micrometers.

Action Level (AL) - The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.

Treatment Technique (TT) - A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL) - The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal (MRDLG) - The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.

Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA) - The average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four calendar quarters under the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule.

Maximum Contaminant level (MCL) - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) - The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Herbicide – Any chemical(s) used to control undesirable vegetation.

Pesticide – Generally, any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest.

Lillington Water System - Vandercroft PWS ID# NC 50-43-003

We are pleased to present to you this year’s Annual Drinking Water Quality Report (also known as the Consumer Confidence Report [CCR]).  This report provides a snapshot of last year’s water quality.  Included are details about the source of your water, any compounds detected during monitoring, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies.  Our constant goal is to provide you with a safe and dependable supply of drinking water. We are committed to providing you this information.

When You Turn on Your Tap, Consider the Source

The water used by this system comes from the Town of Lillington and is surface water that is purchased from Harnett Regional Water. Please see document attached to read Harnett Regional Water's 2025 CCR for the location of their source.

Violations That Our Water System Received for the Report Year

During 2025, Vandercroft received no monitoring violations.  All samples are now up to date.

Water Quality Data Table of Detected Contaminants

The Town of Lillington and Harnett County Regional Water routinely monitors for over 150 contaminants in your drinking water according to Federal and State laws.  The table below lists all the drinking water contaminants that were detected in Vandercroft for the 2025 year.  The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.

Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct Compliance - Based upon Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA)

TTHM=Trihalomethanes   HAA5=Halo acetic Acids

Disinfectant Residuals Summary

Lead and Copper Contaminants

The table above summarizes our most recent lead and copper tap sampling data.   If you would like to review the complete lead tap sampling data, please call 910-893-0318.

We have been working to identify service line materials throughout the water system and prepared an inventory of all service lines in our water system.  To access this inventory, Please Contact Public Works Department at 910-893-0318 for a copy of the most up to date version.

Lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Town of Lillington is responsible for providing high quality drinking water and removing lead pipes but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components in your home. You share the responsibility for protecting yourself and your family from the lead in your home plumbing. You can take responsibility by identifying and removing lead materials within your home plumbing and taking steps to reduce your family's risk. Before drinking tap water, flush your pipes for several minutes by running your tap, taking a shower, doing laundry or a load of dishes. You can also use a filter certified by an American National Standards Institute accredited certifier to reduce lead in drinking water. If you are concerned about lead in your water and wish to have your water tested, contact Public Works Department at 910-893-0318. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Definitions

Non Detected (N/D)

Not-Applicable (N/A)                    Parts per Billion (ppb)               Parts per Million (ppm)            Running annual average (RAA)  Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA)-The average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four calendar quarters under the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal (MRDLG)-The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health.  MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL)-The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.  There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)-The highest level of a disinfectant that is allowed in drinking water.  MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology. 

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)-The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health.  MCLGs allow for a margin of safety. CCR- Consumer Confidence Report

Protection of drinking water is everyone’s responsibility.  You can help protect your community’s drinking water sources in several ways:  Dispose of chemicals properly, take used motor oil to a recycling center, volunteer in your community to participate in group efforts to protect your source, etc.

If you have any questions about this report or concerning your water, please contact Skyler Russell, Public Works Assistant Director/ Distribution ORC, at (910)893-0312. (srussell@lillingtonnc.org). we want our customers to be informed about their water quality.

Please use the link provided to read the attached 2025 Annual Drinking Water Quality Report for the Town of Lillington and Harnett. Regional Water to find out more about the quality of your drinking water and other information about your drinking water.

2025 Annual Drinking Water Quality Report

 Lillington Water System / Riverbluff PWS ID# NC 50-43-002

We are pleased to present to you this year’s Annual Drinking Water Quality Report (also known as the Consumer Confidence Report [CCR]).  This report provides a snapshot of last year’s water quality.  Included are details about the source of your water, any compounds detected during monitoring, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies.  Our constant goal is to provide you with a safe and dependable supply of drinking water.  We are committed to providing you this information.

When You Turn on Your Tap, Consider the Source

The water used by this system comes from the Town of Lillington and is surface water that is purchased from

Harnett Regional Water.  Please read the attached Harnett Regional Water 2025 CCR for the location of their source.

Violations That Our Water System Received for the Report Year

During 2025, Riverbluff received no monitoring violations.  All samples are now up to date.

Water Quality Data Table of Detected Contaminants

The Town of Lillington and Harnett Regional Water routinely monitor for over 150 contaminants in your drinking water according to Federal and State laws.  The table below lists all the drinking water contaminants that were detected in Riverbluff for the 2025 year.  The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.

Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct Compliance - Based upon Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA)

TTHM=Trihalomethanes   HAA5=Halo acetic Acids

Disinfectant Residuals Summary

Lead and Copper Contaminants

The table above summarizes our most recent lead and copper tap sampling data. If you would like to review the complete lead tap sampling data, please call 910-893-0318.

We have been working to identify service line materials throughout the water system and prepared an inventory of all service lines in our water system. To access this inventory, Please Contact Public Works Department at 910-893-0318 for a copy of the most up to date version.

Lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Town of Lillington is responsible for providing high quality drinking water and removing lead pipes but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components in your home. You share the responsibility for protecting yourself and your family from the lead in your home plumbing. You can take responsibility by identifying and removing lead materials within your home plumbing and taking steps to reduce your family's risk. Before drinking tap water, flush your pipes for several minutes by running your tap, taking a shower, doing laundry or a load of dishes. You can also use a filter certified by an American National Standards Institute accredited certifier to reduce lead in drinking water. If you are concerned about lead in your water and wish to have your water tested, contact Public Works Department at 910-893-0318. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Definitions

Not-Applicable (N/A)                    Parts per Billion (ppb)     Parts per Million (ppm)          Running annual average (RAA)  Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA)-The average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four calendar quarters under the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal (MRDLG)-The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health.  MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL)-The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.  There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)-The highest level of a disinfectant that is allowed in drinking water.  MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology. 

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)-The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health.  MCLGs allow for a margin of safety. CCR- Consumer Confidence Report

Non Detected (N/D)

Protection of drinking water is everyone’s responsibility.  You can help protect your community’s drinking water sources in several ways:  Dispose of chemicals properly, take used motor oil to a recycling center, volunteer in your community to participate in group efforts to protect your source, etc.

If you have any questions about this report or concerning your water, please contact Skyler Russell Assistant Public Work Director/ Distribution ORC at (srussell@lillingtonnc.org) or (910) 893-0312.  We want our customers to be informed about their water quality.

Harnett County Regional WTP (PWS ID# 03-43-045)

Harnett Regional Water is pleased to present the 2025 Annual Drinking Water Quality Report. This report is a snapshot of last year's water quality and includes information regarding where your water is coming from, what it contains, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies. Our constant goal is to provide you with a safe and dependable supply of drinking water. We want you to understand the efforts we make to continually improve the water treatment process and protect our water resources. We are committed to ensuring the quality of your water and providing you with this information, because informed customers are our best allies. If you have any questions about this report or your water supply, please contact Tracy Tant at (910-893-7575 ext. 3245.) We want our valued customers to be informed about their water utility. If you want to learn more, please attend any of the regularly scheduled Harnett County Board of Commissioners meetings. They are held on the first Monday of each month at 9:00 a.m., the second Tuesday of the month at 9:00 a.m., and third Monday of the month at 6:00 p.m. unless changed for holidays or other circumstances. They hold their meeting in the Board Chambers at the Harnett County Resource Center and Library, located at 455 McKinney Parkway in Lillington, NC.

What EPA Wants You to Know

Drinking water, including bottled water, may be expected to contain at small amounts of some contaminants.  The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.  More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-4264791).

Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population.  Immunocompromised people such as people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, people who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections.  These people should seek advice about drinking water from their healthcare providers.  EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbiological contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children.  Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing.  Harnett County is responsible for providing high-quality drinking water but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components.  When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking.  If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested.  Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

The sources of drinking water (both tap and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells.  As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or human activity.

Contaminants that may be present in source water include microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife; inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming; pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses; organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems; and radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

To ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the number of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health.

Lead in Drinking Water

Lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Harnett Regional Water is responsible for providing high quality drinking water and removing lead pipes, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components in your home. You share the responsibility for protecting yourself and your family from the lead in your home plumbing. You can take responsibility by identifying and removing lead materials within your home plumbing and taking steps to reduce your family's risk. Before drinking tap water, flush your pipes for several minutes by running your tap, taking a shower, doing laundry or a load of dishes. You can also use a filter certified by an American National Standards Institute accredited certifier to reduce lead in drinking water. If you are concerned about lead in your water and wish to have your water tested, contact ttant@harnett.org (910-893-7575 ext. 3245). Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

When You Turn on Your Tap, Consider the Source

The Water that is used by this system comes from the Cape Fear River, which is formed by the confluence of the Deep, and Haw River along the border between Chatham and Lee counties. We are a surface water treatment plant located at 310 West Duncan St. in Lillington NC.

This system purchases water from City of Dunn, (PWS# 03-43-010)   

Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) Results

The North Carolina Department of Environment Quality (DEQ), Public Water Supply (PWSS) Section, Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) conducted assessments for all drinking water sources across North Carolina. The purpose of the assessment was to determine the susceptibility of each drinking water source (well or surface water intake) to Potential Contaminant Sources (PCSs).  

The relative susceptibility rating for Harnett Regional Water (HRW) was determined by combining the contaminant rating (number and locations of PCSs within the assessment area) and the inherent vulnerability rating (i.e., characteristics or existing conditions of watershed and its delineated assessment area.) The assessment findings are summarized in the table below: 

The Complete SWAP Assessment report for Harnett Regional Water may be viewed on the website:  https://www.ncwater.org/?page=600 Note that because SWAP results and reports are periodically updated by the PWS section, the results may differ from the results on the CCR. To obtain a printed copy of this report, please mail a written request to: Source Water Assessment Program - Report Request, 1634 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-1634, or email request to swap@deq.nc.gov. Please indicate System Name (Harnett Regional Water) PWSID (03-43-

045), and provide your name, mailing address and phone number. If you have any questions about the SWAP report, please contact the Source Water Assessment staff by phone at 919-7079098.

It is important to understand that a susceptibility rating of “higher” does not imply poor water quality, only the systems’ potential to become contaminated by PCSs in the assessment area.

Tommy Burns (Director’s Corner)

HRW experienced a very productive year in 2025. Harnett County continues to grow at an astounding pace with many new planned residential developments underway.   HRW is busy planning to accommodate this growth to ensure our ability to provide our customers with outstanding water and sewer service well into the future. In 2026, we will begin work on a new water treatment plant near Erwin that will supply Harnett County’s water needs well into the future. Additionally, all our existing residential and commercial water services now have new automated digital meters which do not require manual reading. All HRW customers could view and track water usage, receive notification of leaks, and learn tips to save money on their bills. This free service is part of our commitment to provide you with the best tools to manage your water use and bill. We encourage you to get started today by logging in to the WaterSmart portal with your mobile device or web browser. You can log on at https://hrwnc.watersmart.com.  There has been a lot of attention in the media lately concerning PFAS, which stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, which are a class of manmade chemicals present at low levels in most fresh water supplies, homes, offices, supermarkets- practically everywhere. These chemicals make consumer goods resistant to stains, grease, water, etc. and have been manufactured by companies for use in our consumer goods for years. Problem lies in that they are impossible to avoid and are called   “Forever chemicals” because they are nearly indestructible. These chemicals have recently been found to pose risks to our health. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in association with the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) has tasked public water systems to develop ways to reduce these chemicals to a safe level. HRW has begun a pilot project to do just that and is working towards implementing additional methods to ensure that these chemicals will be safely removed from our water supply.

Cryptosporidium

The Harnett County Regional Water Treatment Plant does voluntary quarterly monitoring of its source water for cryptosporidium. Cryptosporidium is a microbial parasite, which is found in surface water throughout the United States. Of the four quarterly test, we only had a detection in the second quarter with 0.09 total (Oo)cysts/liter.

Cryptosporidium is a microbial pathogen found in surface water throughout the U.S. Although filtration removes Cryptosporidium, the most commonly-used filtration methods cannot guarantee 100 percent removal. Our monitoring indicates the presence of these organisms in our source water and/or finished water. Current test methods do not allow us to determine if the organisms are dead or if they are capable of causing disease.  Ingestion of Cryptosporidium may cause cryptosporidiosis, an abdominal infection.  Symptoms of infection include nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Most healthy individuals can overcome the disease within a few weeks. However, immuno-compromised people, infants and small children, and the elderly are at greater risk of developing life-threatening illness. We encourage immuno-compromised individuals to consult their doctor regarding appropriate precautions to take to avoid infection. Cryptosporidium must be ingested to cause disease, and it may be spread through means other than drinking water.

Additional Information

We routinely monitor for over 150 contaminants in your drinking water according to Federal and State laws. The following tables list the contaminants detected in the last round of sampling. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. Unless otherwise noted, the data presented in these tables are from testing done January 1 through December 31, 2024. The EPA and the State allow us to monitor for certain contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants are not expected to vary significantly from year to year.  Some of the data, though representative of the water quality, is more than one year old. In these tables you will find many terms and abbreviations you might not be familiar with.  To help you better understand these terms we’ve provided the following definitions: 

Action Level (AL) - The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.  

Herbicide – Any chemical(s) used to control undesirable vegetation.

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water.  MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) - The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health.  MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Parts per million (ppm) or Milligrams per liter (mg/L) - One part per million corresponds to one minute in two years or a single penny in $10,000.

Parts per billion (ppb) or Micrograms per liter (ug/L) - One part per billion corresponds to one minute in 2,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000. 

Pesticide – Generally, any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest.

Level 1 Assessment - A Level 1 assessment is a study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system.

Level 2 Assessment - A Level 2 assessment is a very detailed study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why an E. coli MCL violation has occurred and/or why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system on multiple occasions.

Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA) – The average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four calendar quarters under the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL) – The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.  There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. 

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal (MRDLG) – The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health.  MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.

Million Fibers per Liter (MFL) - Million fibers per liter is a measure of the presence of asbestos fibers that are longer than 10 micrometers. 

Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) - Nephelometric turbidity unit is a measure of the clarity of water.  Turbidity in excess of 5 NTU is just noticeable to the average person.

Not-Applicable (N/A) – Information not applicable/not required for that particular water system or for that particular rule.

Non-Detects (ND) - Laboratory analysis indicates that the contaminant is not present at the level of detection set for the particular methodology used.

Parts per trillion (ppt) or Nanograms per liter (nanograms/L) - One part per trillion corresponds to one minute in 2,000,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000,000.

Parts per quadrillion (ppq) or Picograms per liter (picograms/L) - One part per quadrillion corresponds to one minute in 2,000,000,000 years or one penny in $10,000,000,000,000.

Picocuries per liter (pCi/L) - Picocuries per liter is a measure of the radioactivity in water.

Running Annual Average (RAA) – The average of sample analytical results for samples taken during the previous four calendar quarters.

Treatment Technique (TT) - A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.

Variances and Exceptions – State or EPA permission not to meet an MCL or Treatment Technique under certain conditions

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